近年来,空中机器人背景下的高速导航和环境互动已成为几个学术和工业研究研究的兴趣领域。特别是,由于其若干环境中的潜在可用性,因此搜索和拦截(SAI)应用程序造成引人注目的研究区域。尽管如此,SAI任务涉及有关感官权重,板载计算资源,致动设计和感知和控制算法的具有挑战性的发展。在这项工作中,已经提出了一种用于高速对象抓握的全自动空中机器人。作为一个额外的子任务,我们的系统能够自主地刺穿位于靠近表面的杆中的气球。我们的第一款贡献是在致动和感觉水平的致动和感觉水平的空中机器人的设计,包括具有额外传感器的新型夹具设计,使机器人能够高速抓住物体。第二种贡献是一种完整的软件框架,包括感知,状态估计,运动计划,运动控制和任务控制,以便快速且强大地执行自主掌握任务。我们的方法已在一个具有挑战性的国际竞争中验证,并显示出突出的结果,能够在室外环境中以6米/分来自动搜索,遵循和掌握移动物体
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Our earlier research built a virtual shake robot in simulation to study the dynamics of precariously balanced rocks (PBR), which are negative indicators of earthquakes in nature. The simulation studies need validation through physical experiments. For this purpose, we developed Shakebot, a low-cost (under $2,000), open-source shake table to validate simulations of PBR dynamics and facilitate other ground motion experiments. The Shakebot is a custom one-dimensional prismatic robotic system with perception and motion software developed using the Robot Operating System (ROS). We adapted affordable and high-accuracy components from 3D printers, particularly a closed-loop stepper motor for actuation and a toothed belt for transmission. The stepper motor enables the bed to reach a maximum horizontal acceleration of 11.8 m/s^2 (1.2 g), and velocity of 0.5 m/s, when loaded with a 2 kg scale-model PBR. The perception system of the Shakebot consists of an accelerometer and a high frame-rate camera. By fusing camera-based displacements with acceleration measurements, the Shakebot is able to carry out accurate bed velocity estimation. The ROS-based perception and motion software simplifies the transition of code from our previous virtual shake robot to the physical Shakebot. The reuse of the control programs ensures that the implemented ground motions are consistent for both the simulation and physical experiments, which is critical to validate our simulation experiments.
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As demand for large corpora increases with the size of current state-of-the-art language models, using web data as the main part of the pre-training corpus for these models has become a ubiquitous practice. This, in turn, has introduced an important challenge for NLP practitioners, as they are now confronted with the task of developing highly optimized models and pipelines for pre-processing large quantities of textual data, which implies, effectively classifying and filtering multilingual, heterogeneous and noisy data, at web scale. One of the main components of this pre-processing step for the pre-training corpora of large language models, is the removal of adult and harmful content. In this paper we explore different methods for detecting adult and harmful of content in multilingual heterogeneous web data. We first show how traditional methods in harmful content detection, that seemingly perform quite well in small and specialized datasets quickly break down when confronted with heterogeneous noisy web data. We then resort to using a perplexity based approach but with a twist: Instead of using a so-called "clean" corpus to train a small language model and then use perplexity so select the documents with low perplexity, i.e., the documents that resemble this so-called "clean" corpus the most. We train solely with adult and harmful textual data, and then select the documents having a perplexity value above a given threshold. This approach will virtually cluster our documents into two distinct groups, which will greatly facilitate the choice of the threshold for the perplexity and will also allow us to obtain higher precision than with the traditional classification methods for detecting adult and harmful content.
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Large language models (LLMs) have been shown to be able to perform new tasks based on a few demonstrations or natural language instructions. While these capabilities have led to widespread adoption, most LLMs are developed by resource-rich organizations and are frequently kept from the public. As a step towards democratizing this powerful technology, we present BLOOM, a 176B-parameter open-access language model designed and built thanks to a collaboration of hundreds of researchers. BLOOM is a decoder-only Transformer language model that was trained on the ROOTS corpus, a dataset comprising hundreds of sources in 46 natural and 13 programming languages (59 in total). We find that BLOOM achieves competitive performance on a wide variety of benchmarks, with stronger results after undergoing multitask prompted finetuning. To facilitate future research and applications using LLMs, we publicly release our models and code under the Responsible AI License.
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装有传感器,执行器和电子控制单元(ECU)的现代车辆可以分为几个称为功能工作组(FWGS)的操作子系统。这些FWG的示例包括发动机系统,变速箱,燃油系统,制动器等。每个FWG都有相关的传感器通道,可以衡量车辆操作条件。这种丰富的数据环境有利于预测维护(PDM)技术的开发。削弱各种PDM技术的是需要强大的异常检测模型,该模型可以识别出明显偏离大多数数据的事件或观察结果,并且不符合正常车辆操作行为的明确定义的概念。在本文中,我们介绍了车辆性能,可靠性和操作(VEPRO)数据集,并使用它来创建一种基于多阶段的异常检测方法。利用时间卷积网络(TCN),我们的异常检测系统可以达到96%的检测准确性,并准确预测91%的真实异常。当利用来自多个FWG的传感器通道时,我们的异常检测系统的性能会改善。
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从单个图像中恢复人头的几何形状,同时对材料和照明进行分解是一个严重不良的问题,需要事先解决。基于3D形态模型(3DMM)及其与可区分渲染器的组合的方法已显示出令人鼓舞的结果。但是,3DMM的表现力受到限制,它们通常会产生过度平滑和身份敏捷的3D形状,仅限于面部区域。最近,使用多层感知器参数化几何形状的神经场获得了高度准确的全头部重建。这些表示形式的多功能性也已被证明可有效解开几何形状,材料和照明。但是,这些方法需要几十个输入图像。在本文中,我们介绍了Sira,该方法从单个图像中,从一个图像中重建了具有高保真度几何形状和分解的灯光和表面材料的人头头像。我们的关键成分是基于神经场的两个数据驱动的统计模型,这些模型可以解决单视3D表面重建和外观分解的歧义。实验表明,Sira获得了最新的状态导致3D头重建,同时它成功地解开了全局照明以及弥漫性和镜面反照率。此外,我们的重建适合基于物理的外观编辑和头部模型重新构建。
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将包装从存储设施运送到消费者前门的物流通常采用高度专业的机器人,通常会将子任务分配到不同的系统,例如,操纵器臂进行分类和轮式车辆进行交付。最近的努力试图通过腿部和人形机器人进行统一的方法。但是,这些解决方案占据了大量空间,从而减少了可以适合运送车辆的包装数量。结果,这些庞大的机器人系统通常会降低可伸缩性和并行任务的潜力。在本文中,我们介绍了Limms(锁存智能模块化移动系统),以解决典型的最后一英里交付的操纵和交付部分,同时保持最小的空间足迹。 Limms是一种对称设计的,6型自由度(DOF)的类似于附件的机器人,两端都带有轮子和闩锁机构。通过将锁在表面上并锚定在一端,Limms可以充当传统的6多型操纵器臂。另一方面,多个lims可以锁在一个盒子上,并且像腿部机器人系统一样行为,包装是身体。在运输过程中,与传统的机器人系统相比,LIMM紧紧地折叠起来,占用的空间要少得多。一大批limms单元可以安装在单个送货工具内部,为新的交付优化和混合计划方法开放,从未做过。在本文中,使用硬件原型研究和呈现了LIMM的可行性,以及在典型的最后一英里交付中的一系列子任务的仿真结果。
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使用数学模型(例如易感性暴露于易感性的(SEIR)(SEIR),Logistic回归(LR))和一种称为多项式回归方法的机器学习方法进行了对哥伦比亚疾病共同19的分析研究。先前的分析已经对每天的病例,死亡,感染者和暴露于该病毒的人进行了分析,所有这些病例都在550天的时间表中所有人。此外,它使感染扩散的拟合详细介绍了较低的传播误差和统计偏差的最佳方法。最后,提出了四种不同的预防方案,以评估与该疾病有关的每个参数的比率。
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在本文中,我们为LIMM介绍了一个运动计划者,该计划者是一个模块化的多模式包装输送平台。单个limms单元是一个机器人,它可以作为手臂或腿部操作,具体取决于它的附加方式和内容,例如,当操纵器固定在送货车内的墙壁上时,或将4个附加在盒子附加到盒子的墙壁上时。当每个限制的角色都可以扮演截然不同的角色时,在多个lim上进行协调,很快就会变得复杂。对于这样一个计划问题,我们首先构成了必要的逻辑和约束。然后,该公式将用于技能探索,并可以在精炼后在硬件上实现。为了解决此优化问题,我们使用乘数的交替方向方法(ADMM)。在各种情况下,对拟议的规划师进行了实验,该计划显示了LIMMS进入不同模式或组合的能力,以实现其移动运输箱的目标。
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RVRAIN团队解决了预算论点挖掘(BAM)任务,包括分类和信息检索子任务的组合。对于参数分类(AC),团队通过基于五级BERT的级联模型取得了最佳性能,并配有某些手工制作的规则。这些规则用于确定表达式是否为货币。然后,将每个货币表达归类为前提或在级联模型的第一级的结论。最后,每个前提都被归类为三个前提类别,每个前提分为两个结论类别。对于信息检索(即关系ID检测或RED),我们的最佳结果是通过基于BERT的二进制分类器的组合以及由货币表达和预算密集的嵌入组成的余弦的相似性来实现的。
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